Journal Description
Current Oncology
Current Oncology
is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal published online by MDPI (from Volume 28 Issue 1-2021). Established in 1994, the journal represents a multidisciplinary medium for clinical oncologists to report and review progress in the management of this disease. The Canadian Association of Medical Oncologists (CAMO), the Canadian Association of Psychosocial Oncology (CAPO), the Canadian Association of General Practitioners in Oncology (CAGPO), the Cell Therapy Transplant Canada (CTTC), the Canadian Leukemia Study Group (CLSG) and others are affiliated with the journal and their members receive a discount on the article processing charges.
- Open Access— free for readers, with article processing charges (APC) paid by authors or their institutions.
- High Visibility: indexed within Scopus, SCIE (Web of Science), PubMed, MEDLINE, PMC, Embase, and other databases.
- Rapid Publication: manuscripts are peer-reviewed and a first decision is provided to authors approximately 18 days after submission; acceptance to publication is undertaken in 2.8 days (median values for papers published in this journal in the second half of 2023).
- Recognition of Reviewers: APC discount vouchers, optional signed peer review, and reviewer names published annually in the journal.
Impact Factor:
2.6 (2022);
5-Year Impact Factor:
2.9 (2022)
Latest Articles
Demographic Analysis of Cancer Research Priorities and Treatment Correlations
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1839-1864; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040139 (registering DOI) - 29 Mar 2024
Abstract
Understanding the diversity in cancer research priorities and the correlations among different treatment modalities is essential to address the evolving landscape of oncology. This study, conducted in collaboration with the European Cancer Patient Coalition (ECPC) and Childhood Cancer International-Europe (CCI-E) as part of
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Understanding the diversity in cancer research priorities and the correlations among different treatment modalities is essential to address the evolving landscape of oncology. This study, conducted in collaboration with the European Cancer Patient Coalition (ECPC) and Childhood Cancer International-Europe (CCI-E) as part of the “UNCAN.eu” initiative, analyzed data from a comprehensive survey to explore the complex interplay of demographics, time since cancer diagnosis, and types of treatments received. Demographic analysis revealed intriguing trends, highlighting the importance of tailoring cancer research efforts to specific age groups and genders. Individuals aged 45–69 exhibited highly aligned research priorities, emphasizing the need to address the unique concerns of middle-aged and older populations. In contrast, patients over 70 years demonstrated a divergence in research priorities, underscoring the importance of recognising the distinct needs of older individuals in cancer research. The analysis of correlations among different types of cancer treatments underscored the multidisciplinary approach to cancer care, with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, precision therapy, and biological therapies playing integral roles. These findings support the need for personalized and combined treatment strategies to achieve optimal outcomes. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the complexity of cancer research priorities and treatment correlations in a European context. It emphasizes the importance of a multifaceted, patient-centred approach to cancer research and treatment, highlighting the need for ongoing support, adaptation, and collaboration to address the ever-changing landscape of oncology.
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Open AccessCase Report
Successful Multimodal Treatment of Intracranial Growing Teratoma Syndrome with Malignant Features
by
Daiken Satake, Manabu Natsumeda, Kaishi Satomi, Mari Tada, Taro Sato, Noritaka Okubo, Keita Kawabe, Haruhiko Takahashi, Yoshihiro Tsukamoto, Masayasu Okada, Masakazu Sano, Haruko Iwabuchi, Nao Shibata, Masaru Imamura, Chihaya Imai, Hirokazu Takami, Koichi Ichimura, Ryo Nishikawa, Hajime Umezu, Akiyoshi Kakita and Makoto Oishiadd
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Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1831-1838; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040138 (registering DOI) - 29 Mar 2024
Abstract
Molecular analysis of the growing teratoma syndrome has not been extensively studied. Here, we report a 14-year-old boy with a growing mass during treatment for a mixed germ cell tumor of the pineal region. Tumor markers were negative; thus, growing teratoma syndrome was
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Molecular analysis of the growing teratoma syndrome has not been extensively studied. Here, we report a 14-year-old boy with a growing mass during treatment for a mixed germ cell tumor of the pineal region. Tumor markers were negative; thus, growing teratoma syndrome was suspected. A radical resection via the occipital transtentorial approach was performed, and histopathological examination revealed a teratoma with malignant features. Methylation classifier analysis confirmed the diagnosis of teratoma, and DMRT1 loss and 12p gain were identified by copy number variation analysis, potentially elucidating the cause of growth and malignant transformation of the teratoma. The patient remains in remission after intense chemoradiation treatment as a high-risk germ cell tumor.
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(This article belongs to the Section Neuro-Oncology)
Open AccessReview
Large Language Models in Oncology: Revolution or Cause for Concern?
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Aydin Caglayan, Wojciech Slusarczyk, Rukhshana Dina Rabbani, Aruni Ghose, Vasileios Papadopoulos and Stergios Boussios
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1817-1830; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040137 (registering DOI) - 29 Mar 2024
Abstract
The technological capability of artificial intelligence (AI) continues to advance with great strength. Recently, the release of large language models has taken the world by storm with concurrent excitement and concern. As a consequence of their impressive ability and versatility, their provide a
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The technological capability of artificial intelligence (AI) continues to advance with great strength. Recently, the release of large language models has taken the world by storm with concurrent excitement and concern. As a consequence of their impressive ability and versatility, their provide a potential opportunity for implementation in oncology. Areas of possible application include supporting clinical decision making, education, and contributing to cancer research. Despite the promises that these novel systems can offer, several limitations and barriers challenge their implementation. It is imperative that concerns, such as accountability, data inaccuracy, and data protection, are addressed prior to their integration in oncology. As the progression of artificial intelligence systems continues, new ethical and practical dilemmas will also be approached; thus, the evaluation of these limitations and concerns will be dynamic in nature. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the potential application of large language models in oncology, as well as concerns surrounding their implementation in cancer care.
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Open AccessArticle
Access to Oncology Medicines in Canada: Consensus Forum for Recommendations for Improvement
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Sandeep R. Sehdev, Nigel S. B. Rawson, Olexiy I. Aseyev, Catriona J. Buick, Marcus O. Butler, Scott Edwards, Sharlene Gill, Joanna M. Gotfrit, Cyrus C. Hsia, Rosalyn A. Juergens, Mita Manna, Joy S. McCarthy, Som D. Mukherjee, Stephanie L. Snow, Silvana Spadafora, David J. Stewart, Jason R. Wentzell, Ralph P. W. Wong and Pawel G. Zalewski
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1803-1816; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040136 (registering DOI) - 29 Mar 2024
Abstract
Patient access to new oncology drugs in Canada is only possible after navigating multiple sequential systemic checkpoints for national regulatory approval, health technology assessment (HTA) and collective government price negotiation. These steps delay access and prevent health care providers from being able to
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Patient access to new oncology drugs in Canada is only possible after navigating multiple sequential systemic checkpoints for national regulatory approval, health technology assessment (HTA) and collective government price negotiation. These steps delay access and prevent health care providers from being able to prescribe optimal therapy. Eighteen Canadian oncology clinicians from the medicine, nursing and pharmacy professions met to develop consensus recommendations for defining reasonable government performance standards around process and timeliness to improve Canadian cancer patients’ access to best care. A modified Delphi methodology was used to identify consensus on 30 questions involving five themes: accountability, disparities, endpoints, timeliness, and cost-effectiveness. It was agreed that greater transparency is required across regulatory and HTA processes. Health professionals in oncology are frustrated for their patients because they are unable to deliver the modern guideline-supported therapies they want to provide due to delays in approval or funding. Canadian health care providers request improvements in timely access to life-saving therapeutics in line with other comparator countries. Clinicians expect urgent improvements in Canadian health systems to give our patients their best chance of survival.
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Open AccessConference Report
The Canadian Breast Cancer Symposium 2023 Meeting Report
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Tulin Cil, Jean-François Boileau, Stephen Chia, MJ DeCoteau, Katarzyna J. Jerzak, Anne Koch, Nancy Nixon, May Lynn Quan, Amanda Roberts and Christine Brezden-Masley
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1774-1802; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040135 (registering DOI) - 29 Mar 2024
Abstract
On 15–16 June 2023, healthcare professionals and breast cancer patients and advocates from across Canada met in Toronto, Ontario, for the 2023 Canadian Breast Cancer Symposium (CBSC). The CBSC is a national, multidisciplinary event that occurs every 2 years with the goal of
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On 15–16 June 2023, healthcare professionals and breast cancer patients and advocates from across Canada met in Toronto, Ontario, for the 2023 Canadian Breast Cancer Symposium (CBSC). The CBSC is a national, multidisciplinary event that occurs every 2 years with the goal of developing a personalized approach to the management of breast cancer in Canada. Experts provided state-of-the-art information to help optimally manage breast cancer patients, including etiology, prevention, diagnosis, experimental biology, and therapy of breast cancer and premalignant breast disease. The symposium also had the objectives of increasing communication and collaboration among breast cancer healthcare providers nationwide and providing a comprehensive and real-life review of the many facets of breast cancer. The sessions covered the patient voice, the top breast cancer papers from different disciplines in 2022, artificial intelligence in breast cancer, systemic therapy updates, the management of central nervous system metastases, multidisciplinary management of ductal carcinoma in situ, special populations, optimization-based individual prognostic factors, toxicity management of novel therapeutics, survivorship, and updates in surgical oncology. The key takeaways of these sessions have been summarized in this conference report.
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(This article belongs to the Section Breast Cancer)
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Open AccessArticle
Myelodysplastic Neoplasms (MDS) with Ring Sideroblasts or SF3B1 Mutations: The Improved Clinical Utility of World Health Organization and International Consensus Classification 2022 Definitions, a Single-Centre Retrospective Chart Review
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Shamim Mortuza, Benjamin Chin-Yee, Tyler E. James, Ian H. Chin-Yee, Benjamin D. Hedley, Jenny M. Ho, Lalit Saini, Alejandro Lazo-Langner, Laila Schenkel, Pratibha Bhai, Bekim Sadikovic, Jonathan Keow, Nikhil Sangle and Cyrus C. Hsia
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1762-1773; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040134 (registering DOI) - 29 Mar 2024
Abstract
Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) with ring sideroblasts (RS) are diagnosed via bone marrow aspiration in the presence of either (i) ≥15% RS or (ii) 5–14% RS and an SF3B1 mutation. In the MEDALIST trial and in an interim analysis of the COMMANDS trial, lower-risk
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Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) with ring sideroblasts (RS) are diagnosed via bone marrow aspiration in the presence of either (i) ≥15% RS or (ii) 5–14% RS and an SF3B1 mutation. In the MEDALIST trial and in an interim analysis of the COMMANDS trial, lower-risk MDS-RS patients had decreased transfusion dependency with luspatercept treatment. A total of 6817 patients with suspected hematologic malignancies underwent molecular testing using a next-generation-sequencing-based genetic assay and 395 MDS patients, seen at our centre from 1 January 2018 to 31 May 2023, were reviewed. Of these, we identified 39 evaluable patients as having lower-risk MDS with SF3B1 mutations: there were 20 (51.3%) males and 19 (48.7%) females, with a median age of 77 years (range of 57 to 92). Nineteen (48.7%) patients had an isolated SF3B1 mutation with a mean variant allele frequency of 35.2% +/− 8.1%, ranging from 7.4% to 46.0%. There were 29 (74.4%) patients with ≥15% RS, 6 (15.4%) with 5 to 14% RS, one (2.6%) with 1% RS, and 3 (7.7%) with no RS. Our study suggests that a quarter of patients would be missed based on the morphologic criterion of only using RS greater than 15% and supports the revised 2022 definitions of the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Consensus Classification (ICC), which shift toward molecularly defined subtypes of MDS and appropriate testing.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Molecular Pathology of Myelodysplastic Syndromes)
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Open AccessArticle
Deterioration of Performance Status during Palliative Radiotherapy Suggests a Significant Short Survival Duration: Indicating the Necessities for Considering Radiotherapy Discontinuation
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Hitoshi Maemoto, Kazuaki Kushi, Isoko Owan, Takuro Ariga, Joichi Heianna and Akihiro Nishie
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1752-1761; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040133 - 27 Mar 2024
Abstract
Discontinuation of palliative radiotherapy due to a patient’s declining general condition poses a clinical dilemma for palliative care physicians. This study aimed to investigate the survival duration of patients whose performance status (PS) deteriorated during palliative radiotherapy and inform decisions regarding early treatment
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Discontinuation of palliative radiotherapy due to a patient’s declining general condition poses a clinical dilemma for palliative care physicians. This study aimed to investigate the survival duration of patients whose performance status (PS) deteriorated during palliative radiotherapy and inform decisions regarding early treatment discontinuation. We retrospectively analyzed data from patients referred from our institute’s palliative care department who underwent ≥10 fractions of palliative radiotherapy between March 2017 and December 2021. PS was assessed using the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scale. Survival duration was calculated from the final day of palliative radiotherapy to death using the Kaplan–Meier method. A total of 35 patients underwent palliative radiotherapy. Seven (20%) experienced deterioration in ECOG PS during treatment. Their median survival duration was significantly shorter at 22 days (95% confidence interval: 1–94 days) compared to 125 days (95% confidence interval: 82–150 days) for the 28 patients whose PS remained stable (p = 0.0007). Deterioration in ECOG PS during palliative radiotherapy signifies a markedly shorter survival duration. Careful assessment of a patient’s condition throughout treatment is crucial, and early discontinuation should be considered if their general health worsens rather than strictly adhering to the initial schedule.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Palliative-Setting Radiotherapy in Contemporary Cancer Care)
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Open AccessArticle
Prognosis versus Actual Outcomes in Stereotactic Radiosurgery of Brain Metastases: Reliability of Common Prognostic Parameters and Indices
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Julian Mangesius, Thomas Seppi, Christoph Reinhold Arnold, Stephanie Mangesius, Johannes Kerschbaumer, Matthias Demetz, Danijela Minasch, Samuel Moritz Vorbach, Manuel Sarcletti, Peter Lukas, Meinhard Nevinny-Stickel and Ute Ganswindt
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1739-1751; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040132 - 26 Mar 2024
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcome of stereotactic radiosurgery as the sole treatment for brain metastases and to assess prognostic factors influencing survival. A total of 108 consecutive patients with 213 metastases were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment was determined with close-meshed MRI
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This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcome of stereotactic radiosurgery as the sole treatment for brain metastases and to assess prognostic factors influencing survival. A total of 108 consecutive patients with 213 metastases were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment was determined with close-meshed MRI follow-up. Various prognostic factors were assessed, and several prognostic indices were compared regarding their reliability to estimate overall survival. Median overall survival was 15 months; one-year overall survival was 50.5%. Both one- and two-year local controls were 90.9%. The rate of new metastases after SRS was 49.1%. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors revealed that the presence of extracranial metastases, male sex, lower KPI, and progressive extracranial disease were significant risk factors for decreased survival. Of all evaluated prognostic indices, the Basic Score for Brain Metastases (BSBMs) showed the best correlation with overall survival. A substantial survival advantage was found for female patients after SRS when compared to male patients (18 versus 9 months, p = 0.003). SRS of brain metastasis is a safe and effective treatment option when frequent monitoring for new metastases with MRI is performed. Common prognostic scores lack reliable estimation of survival times. Female sex should be considered as an additional independent positive prognostic factor influencing survival.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Radiotherapy in Brain Tumors)
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Open AccessArticle
Prognostic Factors Associated with Tumor Recurrence and Overall Survival in Soft Tissue Sarcomas of the Extremities in a Colombian Reference Cancer Center
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Sandra E. Díaz Casas, Juanita Martínez Villacrés, Carlos Lehmann Mosquera, Mauricio García Mora, Iván Mariño Lozano, Javier Ángel Aristizábal, Raúl Suarez Rodríguez, Carlos Alfonso Duarte Torres and Ricardo Sánchez Pedraza
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1725-1738; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040131 - 26 Mar 2024
Abstract
Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are low-incidence tumors whose clinical and histopathological factors are associated with adverse oncological outcomes. This study evaluated prognostic factors (PF) associated with tumor recurrence and overall survival (OS) in patients diagnosed with STS of the extremities, treated at
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Introduction: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are low-incidence tumors whose clinical and histopathological factors are associated with adverse oncological outcomes. This study evaluated prognostic factors (PF) associated with tumor recurrence and overall survival (OS) in patients diagnosed with STS of the extremities, treated at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INC), Bogotá, Colombia. Materials and Methods: An analytical observational study of a historical cohort was carried out, including patients diagnosed with STS and managed surgically in the Functional Unit for Breast and Soft Tissue Tumors of the INC from January 2008 to December 2018. Results: A total of 227 patients were included; 74.5% had tumors greater than 5 cm. Most patients (29.1%) were in stage IIIB at diagnosis. Age was associated with higher mortality (HR = 1.01; CI95%: 1–1.02; p = 0.048). Tumor persistence at admission to the INC (HR = 2.34; CI95%: 1.25–4.35; p = 0.007) and histologic grade III (HR = 5.36; CI95%: 2.29–12.56; p = <0.001) showed statistical significance in the multivariate analysis for recurrence of any type, as did the PFs associated with a higher risk of local recurrence (HR = 2.85; CI95%: 1.23–6.57; p = 0.014 and HR = 6.09; CI95%: 2.03–18.2; p = 0.001), respectively. Tumor size (HR = 1.03; CI95%: 1–1.06; p = 0.015) and histologic grade III (HR = 4.53; CI95%: 1.42–14.49; p = 0.011) were associated with a higher risk of distant recurrence. Conclusions: This cohort showed that in addition to histologic grade and tumor size, tumor persistence at the time of admission has an impact on disease recurrence, so STS should be managed by a multidisciplinary team with experience in this pathology in high-volume reference centers.
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(This article belongs to the Section Palliative and Supportive Care)
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Open AccessArticle
Complications and Recurrences after Excision and Reconstruction of Eyelid Tumours
by
Georgi Balchev
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1713-1724; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040130 - 22 Mar 2024
Abstract
Introduction: The eyelids are a common site for skin tumours and account for 5–10% of all skin tumours. Treatment is mainly surgical and aims to preserve the anatomical structure of the eyelid, its function and not least its aesthetic appearance. Aim: Presentation of
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Introduction: The eyelids are a common site for skin tumours and account for 5–10% of all skin tumours. Treatment is mainly surgical and aims to preserve the anatomical structure of the eyelid, its function and not least its aesthetic appearance. Aim: Presentation of recurrence and complication rates of tumour-related eyelid surgery in a cohort of 450 tumours. Results: Analysis of a cohort of 450 tumours operated on revealed 13 (2.8%) operations with recurrences and 32 (7%) with complications. The statistical significance of recurrences was observed for the involved and uninvolved ciliary margin. At the temporal canthus, 23.1% of recurrences occurred compared to 7.7% at the medial canthus. SGC has the highest recurrence rate. Complications include the following: ectropion, dehiscence, gross cicatrix with normal function, retraction, post-radiation damage, sub-graft haemorrhage and graft rejection. Conclusions: The recurrence rate of eyelid tumours is lower than that of complications. The choice of surgical technique determines the frequency of complications and histological control of the excised tissue, as well as the frequency of recurrences.
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(This article belongs to the Section Surgical Oncology)
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Open AccessArticle
Soluble Immune Checkpoint Molecules as Predictors of Efficacy in Immuno-Oncology Combination Therapy in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
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Kosuke Ueda, Keiichiro Uemura, Naoki Ito, Yuya Sakai, Satoshi Ohnishi, Hiroki Suekane, Hirofumi Kurose, Tasuku Hiroshige, Katsuaki Chikui, Kiyoaki Nishihara, Makoto Nakiri, Shigetaka Suekane, Sachiko Ogasawara, Hirohisa Yano and Tsukasa Igawa
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1701-1712; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040129 - 22 Mar 2024
Abstract
Immuno-oncology (IO) combination therapy is the first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, biomarkers for predicting the response to IO combination therapy are lacking. Here, we investigated the association between the expression of soluble immune checkpoint molecules and the therapeutic efficacy
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Immuno-oncology (IO) combination therapy is the first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, biomarkers for predicting the response to IO combination therapy are lacking. Here, we investigated the association between the expression of soluble immune checkpoint molecules and the therapeutic efficacy of IO combination therapy in advanced RCC. The expression of soluble programmed cell death-1 (sPD-1), soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 (sPD-L1), soluble PD-L2 (sPD-L2), and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (sLAG-3) was assessed in plasma samples from 42 patients with advanced RCC who received first-line IO combination therapy. All IMDC risk classifications were represented among the patients, including 14.3, 57.1, and 28.6% with favorable, intermediate, and poor risk, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that prior nephrectomy, sPD-L2 levels, and sLAG-3 levels were significant factors affecting progression-free survival (PFS), whereas multivariate analyses suggested that sPD-L2 and sLAG-3 levels were independent prognostic factors for PFS. In a univariate analysis of the overall survival, prior nephrectomy and sPD-L2 levels were significant factors; no significant differences were observed in the multivariate analysis. No significant correlation was observed between the sPD-L2 and sLAG-3 levels and PD-L2 and LAG-3 expression via immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, sPD-L2 and sLAG-3 expression may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting IO combination therapy efficacy.
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(This article belongs to the Section Genitourinary Oncology)
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Open AccessCommunication
Meaningful Patient Engagement in Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Cancer Research: A Framework for Qualitative Studies
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Niki Oveisi, Vicki Cheng, Dani Taylor, Haydn Bechthold, Mikaela Barnes, Norman Jansen, Helen McTaggart-Cowan, Lori A. Brotto, Stuart Peacock, Gillian E. Hanley, Sharlene Gill, Meera Rayar, Amirrtha Srikanthan and Mary A. De Vera
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(4), 1689-1700; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31040128 - 22 Mar 2024
Abstract
Over the last two decades, patient engagement in cancer research has evolved significantly, especially in addressing the unique challenges faced by adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer populations. This paper introduces a framework for meaningful engagement with AYA cancer patient research partners, drawing
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Over the last two decades, patient engagement in cancer research has evolved significantly, especially in addressing the unique challenges faced by adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer populations. This paper introduces a framework for meaningful engagement with AYA cancer patient research partners, drawing insights from the “FUTURE” Study, a qualitative study that utilizes focus groups to explore the impact of cancer diagnosis and treatment on the sexual and reproductive health of AYA cancer patients in Canada. The framework’s development integrates insights from prior works and addresses challenges with patient engagement in research specific to AYA cancer populations. The framework is guided by overarching principles (safety, flexibility, and sensitivity) and includes considerations that apply across all phases of a research study (collaboration; iteration; communication; and equity, diversity, and inclusion) and tasks that apply to specific phases of a research study (developing, conducting, and translating the study). The proposed framework seeks to increase patient engagement in AYA cancer research beyond a supplementary aspect to an integral component for conducting research with impact on patients.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue AYA Cancer Care and Support: Patient Perspectives, Programs, Practices, and Policy Change)
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Open AccessArticle
PC-PEP, a Comprehensive Daily Six-Month Home-Based Patient Empowerment Program Leads to Weight Loss in Men with Prostate Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of a Clinical Trial
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Wyatt MacNevin, Gabriela Ilie, Ricardo Rendon, Ross Mason, Jesse Spooner, Emily Chedrawe, Nikhilesh Patil, David Bowes, Greg Bailly, David Bell, Derek Wilke, Jeffery B. L. Zahavich, Cody MacDonald and Robert David Harold Rutledge
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(3), 1667-1688; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31030127 - 21 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: The Prostate Cancer—Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) is a six-month daily home-based program shown to improve mental health and urinary function. This secondary analysis explores weight loss in male PC-PEP participants. Methods: In a randomized clinical trial with 128 men undergoing curative prostate
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Background: The Prostate Cancer—Patient Empowerment Program (PC-PEP) is a six-month daily home-based program shown to improve mental health and urinary function. This secondary analysis explores weight loss in male PC-PEP participants. Methods: In a randomized clinical trial with 128 men undergoing curative prostate cancer (PC) treatment, 66 received ‘early’ PC-PEP, while 62 were assigned to the ‘late’ waitlist-control group, receiving 6 months of standard-of-care treatment followed by 6 months of PC-PEP. PC-PEP comprised 182 daily emails with video-based exercise and dietary (predominantly plant-based) education, live online events, and 30 min strength training routines (using body weight and elastic bands). Weight and height data were collected via online surveys (baseline, 6 months, and 12 months) including medical chart reviews. Adherence was tracked weekly. Results: No attrition or adverse events were reported. At 6 months, the early PC-PEP group experienced significant weight loss, averaging 2.7 kg (p < 0.001) compared to the waitlist-control group. Weight loss was noted in the late intervention group of PC-PEP, albeit less pronounced than in the early group. Early PC-PEP surgery patients lost on average 1.4 kg (SE = 0.65) from the trial’s start to surgery day. High adherence to exercise and dietary recommendations was noted. Conclusions: PC-PEP led to significant weight loss in men undergoing curative prostate cancer treatment compared to standard-of-care.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue The 30th Anniversary of Current Oncology: Perspectives in Clinical Oncology Practice)
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Outcomes of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Brain Metastases Treated with the Upfront Single Agent Pembrolizumab: A Retrospective and Multicentric Study of the ESCKEYP GFPC Cohort
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Simon Nannini, Florian Guisier, Hubert Curcio, Charles Ricordel, Pierre Demontrond, Safa Abdallahoui, Seyyid Baloglu, Laurent Greillier, Christos Chouaid and Roland Schott
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(3), 1656-1666; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31030126 - 21 Mar 2024
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of brain metastasis (BM). Little is known about immune checkpoint inhibitor activity in the central nervous system, especially in patients receiving monotherapy for tumors with a tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥ 50%. This
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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of brain metastasis (BM). Little is known about immune checkpoint inhibitor activity in the central nervous system, especially in patients receiving monotherapy for tumors with a tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥ 50%. This noninterventional, retrospective, multicenter study, conducted with the GFPC, included treatment-naïve patients strongly positive for PD-L1 (TPS ≥ 50%) with BM receiving first-line single-agent pembrolizumab treatment between May 2017 and November 2019. The primary endpoints were centrally reviewed intracranial overall response rates (ORRs), centrally reviewed intracranial progression-free survival (cPFS), extracranial PFS, and overall survival were secondary endpoints. Forty-three patients from five centers were included. Surgical or local radiation therapy was administered to 31 (72%) patients, mostly before initiating ICI therapy (25/31). Among 38/43 (88.4%) evaluable patients, the intracranial ORR was 73%. The median PFS was 8.3 months. The cerebral and extracerebral median PFS times were 9.2 and 5.3 months, respectively. The median OS was 25.5 months. According to multivariate analysis, BM surgery before ICI therapy was the only factor significantly associated with both improved PFS (HR = 0.44) and OS (HR = 0.45). This study revealed the feasibility and outcome of front-line pembrolizumab treatment in this population with BM.
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(This article belongs to the Section Thoracic Oncology)
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Open AccessArticle
Utilization and Impact of a Radiation Nursing Clinic to Address Acute Care Needs for Patients with Gynecologic Cancers
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Aaron Dou, Genevieve Bouchard-Fortier, Kathy Han, Michael Milosevic, Jelena Lukovic, Stephanie L’heureux, Xuan Li, Mary C. Doherty and Jennifer Croke
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(3), 1645-1655; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31030125 - 21 Mar 2024
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Background: The risk factors for acute care utilization in gynecologic oncology patients are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for the utilization of our centre’s acute care radiation nursing clinic (RNC) by gynecologic oncology patients receiving radiotherapy (RT). Methods: This
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Background: The risk factors for acute care utilization in gynecologic oncology patients are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for the utilization of our centre’s acute care radiation nursing clinic (RNC) by gynecologic oncology patients receiving radiotherapy (RT). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of gynecological cancer patients treated with RT at an academic cancer centre between 1 August 2021 and 31 January 2022. Data on socio-demographics, clinical and treatment characteristics, and RNC visits were collected and summarized by descriptive statistics. The Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-squared test/Fisher’s exact test were used for comparisons of continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Results: RT was delivered to 180 patients, of whom 42 (23%) received concurrent chemoradiation (CCR). Compared to those receiving RT alone, patients receiving CCR had higher rates of RNC utilization (55% vs. 19%, p < 0.001). Within the CCR cohort, patients who presented to the RNC were more likely to be unpartnered (43% vs. 11%, p = 0.04), receive a referral to Psychosocial Oncology (39% vs. 5.3%, p = 0.01), and experience treatment interruptions (52% vs. 16%, p = 0.02). There were no associations between RNC visits and age, disease site, or distance from the cancer centre. Conclusions: The receipt of CCR and specific psychosocial risk factors were associated with increased RNC utilization. Targeted strategies and early intervention to better meet the supportive care and psychosocial needs of this vulnerable population are needed.
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Open AccessFeature PaperArticle
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Trastuzumab Biosimilars to Herceptin for Adjuvant Treatment of HER2+ Breast Cancer
by
Caroline Muñoz, Xiaochen Tai, Jessica Arias, Andrea Eisen, Munaza Chaudhry, Scott Gavura and Kelvin K. W. Chan
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(3), 1633-1644; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31030124 - 21 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: Ontario publicly funds reference trastuzumab (Herceptin) and four biosimilar trastuzumab products for adjuvant treatment of HER2+ breast cancer. We assessed the real-world safety and effectiveness of biosimilar trastuzumab compared to Herceptin for adjuvant treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer. Methods: This
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Background: Ontario publicly funds reference trastuzumab (Herceptin) and four biosimilar trastuzumab products for adjuvant treatment of HER2+ breast cancer. We assessed the real-world safety and effectiveness of biosimilar trastuzumab compared to Herceptin for adjuvant treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer. Methods: This was a population-based, retrospective study comparing the safety and effectiveness of biosimilar trastuzumab and Herceptin for neoadjuvant/adjuvant treatment of HER2+ breast cancer from 2016 to 2021. Treatment patients started biosimilar trastuzumab from November 2019 to June 2021; historical comparator patients started Herceptin from June 2016 to October 2019. Safety outcomes death within 30 days of last dose of trastuzumab, direct hospitalization, emergency department visit leading to hospitalization, early treatment discontinuation, and in-patient admission for congestive heart failure were measured using logistic/negative binomial regression. Overall survival (OS) was measured using Kaplan–Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards regression. Propensity score matching was applied. Results: From June 2016 to 2021, 5071 patients with breast cancer were treated with neoadjuvant/adjuvant trastuzumab. The rate of direct hospitalization (RR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74–0.98, p-value: 0.032) was significantly lower in biosimilar compared to Herceptin patients. OS (log-rank test p = 0.98) and risk of mortality (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 0.72–2.30, p-value = 0.39) did not significantly differ between treatment groups. Conclusions: Biosimilar trastuzumab demonstrated similar safety and effectiveness to Herceptin. The findings can help improve confidence in and use of biosimilars and demonstrate the value of real-world evidence generation for supporting biosimilar implementations and reassessments.
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(This article belongs to the Collection New Insights into Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Open AccessSystematic Review
Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review
by
Mohammad Abufaraj, Raghad Ramadan and Amro Alkhatib
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(3), 1618-1632; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31030123 - 21 Mar 2024
Abstract
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Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a rare subtype of prostate cancer (PCa) that usually results in poor clinical outcomes and may be accompanied by paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS). NEPC is becoming more frequent. It can initially manifest as PNS, complicating diagnosis. Therefore, we reviewed
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Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a rare subtype of prostate cancer (PCa) that usually results in poor clinical outcomes and may be accompanied by paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS). NEPC is becoming more frequent. It can initially manifest as PNS, complicating diagnosis. Therefore, we reviewed the literature on the different PNS associated with NEPC. We systematically reviewed English-language articles from January 2017 to September 2023, identifying 17 studies meeting PRISMA guidelines for NEPC and associated PNS. A total of 17 articles were included in the review. Among these, Cushing’s Syndrome (CS) due to ectopic Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion was the most commonly reported PNS. Other PNS included syndrome of inappropriate Anti-Diuretic Hormone secretion (SIADH), Anti-Hu-mediated chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO), limbic encephalitis, Evans Syndrome, hypercalcemia, dermatomyositis, and polycythemia. Many patients had a history of prostate adenocarcinoma treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) before neuroendocrine features developed. The mean age was 65.5 years, with a maximum survival of 9 months post-diagnosis. NEPC is becoming an increasingly more common subtype of PCa that can result in various PNS. This makes the diagnosis and treatment of NEPC challenging. Further research is crucial to understanding these syndromes and developing standardized, targeted treatments to improve patient survival.
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Open AccessArticle
Population Survival Kinetics Derived from Clinical Trials of Potentially Curable Lung Cancers
by
David J. Stewart, Katherine Cole, Dominick Bosse, Stephanie Brule, Dean Fergusson and Tim Ramsay
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(3), 1600-1617; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31030122 - 20 Mar 2024
Abstract
Using digitized data from progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival Kaplan–Meier curves, one can assess population survival kinetics through exponential decay nonlinear regression analyses. To demonstrate their utility, we analyzed PFS curves from published curative-intent trials of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) adjuvant
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Using digitized data from progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival Kaplan–Meier curves, one can assess population survival kinetics through exponential decay nonlinear regression analyses. To demonstrate their utility, we analyzed PFS curves from published curative-intent trials of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) adjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant osimertinib in resected EGFR-mutant NSCLC (ADAURA trial), chemoradiotherapy for inoperable NSCLC, and limited small cell lung cancer (SCLC). These analyses permit assessment of log–linear curve shape and estimation of the proportion of patients cured, PFS half-lives for subpopulations destined to eventually relapse, and probability of eventual relapse in patients remaining progression-free at different time points. The proportion of patients potentially cured was 41% for adjuvant controls, 58% with adjuvant chemotherapy, 17% for ADAURA controls, not assessable with adjuvant osimertinib, 15% with chemoradiotherapy, and 12% for SCLC. Median PFS half-life for relapsing subpopulations was 11.9 months for adjuvant controls, 17.4 months with adjuvant chemotherapy, 24.4 months for ADAURA controls, not assessable with osimertinib, 9.3 months with chemoradiotherapy, and 10.7 months for SCLC. For those remaining relapse-free at 2 and 5 years, the cure probability was 74%/96% for adjuvant controls, 77%/93% with adjuvant chemotherapy, 51%/94% with chemoradiation, and 39%/87% with limited SCLC. Relatively easy population kinetic analyses add useful information.
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(This article belongs to the Section Thoracic Oncology)
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Open AccessReview
Personalized Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer
by
Waqar Haque, Edward Brian Butler and Bin S. Teh
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(3), 1588-1599; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31030121 - 20 Mar 2024
Abstract
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Breast cancer is diagnosed in nearly 3 million people worldwide. Radiation therapy is an integral component of disease management for patients with breast cancer, and is used after breast-conserving surgery or a mastectomy to reduce the risk of a local recurrence. The following
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Breast cancer is diagnosed in nearly 3 million people worldwide. Radiation therapy is an integral component of disease management for patients with breast cancer, and is used after breast-conserving surgery or a mastectomy to reduce the risk of a local recurrence. The following review describes the methods used to personalize radiation therapy by optimizing patient selection, using advanced treatment techniques to lessen the radiation dose to normal organs, and using hypofractionation in order to shorten the duration of radiation treatment.
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Open AccessArticle
Perspectives on Ease of Use and Value of a Self-Monitoring Application to Support Physical Activity Maintenance among Individuals Living with and beyond Cancer
by
Manuel Ester, Meghan H. McDonough, Mannat Bansal, Julianna Dreger, Julia T. Daun, Margaret L. McNeely, Thompson Luu and S. Nicole Culos-Reed
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(3), 1572-1587; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31030120 - 19 Mar 2024
Abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) can improve the physical and psychosocial health of individuals with cancer, yet PA levels remain low. Technology may address PA maintenance barriers in oncology, though the intervention effectiveness to date remains mixed. Qualitative research can reveal the nuances of
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Background: Physical activity (PA) can improve the physical and psychosocial health of individuals with cancer, yet PA levels remain low. Technology may address PA maintenance barriers in oncology, though the intervention effectiveness to date remains mixed. Qualitative research can reveal the nuances of using technology-based PA maintenance tools. The present study aimed to understand the perspectives of individuals with cancer on using an app to support PA maintenance. Methods: Individuals were interviewed after using a self-monitoring app for 24 weeks, asking about their app use, ease of use, and perceived value for supporting PA. Analyses were guided by an interpretive description. Results: Eighteen individuals were interviewed. The participants were 37–75 years old; lived in seven Canadian provinces/territories; identified as White, South Asian, or Indigenous; and had eight different cancers. Four themes were developed: some did not need the app to stay physically active, some valued the app for helping them maintain their PA, the user experience ranged from intuitive to confusing, and the time burden of app use ranged from acceptable to overwhelming. Conclusions: The participants provided insights on using a self-monitoring app to improve PA maintenance in oncology. Work is needed to capture additional perspectives and apply findings to the development of technology-based PA maintenance tools.
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(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimizing Integrated Cancer Care from Diagnosis to Survivorship)
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